Topic: Healthy Aging

Health & MedicineAugust 4, 2026

Cryoelectron tomography reveals an age-related decline in mitoribosomes that contributes to T cell dysfunction in older individuals.

Mitochondrial dysfunction drives T cell aging in mice. Yet, due to fundamental differences in T cell aging mechanisms between species, whether human T cells exhibit similar mitochondrial alterations remains unclear, with existing evidence often conflicting. Using cryoelectron tomography, we resolved the structure and spatial organization of mitochondrial ribosomes in primary human CD8 + T cells under physiological conditions. Comparative analysis with human aging models revealed an age-related r

EnvironmentAugust 4, 2026

Sediment accumulation rate predicts the temporal resolution of marine fossil assemblages.

Time averaging (TA), the mixing of noncontemporaneous organisms in fossil assemblages, governs the resolution of paleontological data and determines which biological and environmental processes are recorded in the geological record. To assess variation in TA and its dependence on external drivers, we used amino acid and radiocarbon methods to individually date 7,593 specimens across 384 samples from late Quaternary marine assemblages of calcifying organisms. Bivalve mollusks dominated the data,

Health & MedicineJuly 29, 2026

Global Burden of Elevated LDL-C: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of premature death worldwide. Assessing the LDL-C-related burden is critical for guiding prevention and treatment strategies. To estimate the global, regional, and national burden of ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke attributable to elevated LDL-C (relative to 35-54 mg/dL) from 1990 to 2023 and to quantify the contributions of population growth, aging, risk-dele

Health & MedicineJuly 29, 2026

CRISPR screens identify targets to rescue age-related T cell dysfunction in cancer.

Immune aging impairs T cell-mediated tumor control as well as cancer immunotherapy outcomes. The most important drivers of T cell dysfunction in aged tumors remain unknown. We performed single-cell CRISPR screens to identify Dusp5 and Zfp219 as key regulators of CD8 + T cell persistence and effector differentiation within aged tumors. Loss of Dusp5 increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and globally enhanced T cell proliferation. Conversely, Zfp219 deletion induced

Health & MedicineJuly 28, 2026

Integrated care pathway in individuals with Long COVID: STIMULATE-ICP, a cluster-randomized, phase 3 trial.

Combining multidisciplinary care plans into integrated care pathways (ICPs) is scalable, generalizable and effective for several long-term conditions, but not evaluated in Long COVID (LC). Our phase 3, cluster-randomized, multicenter clinical trial investigated the effectiveness of ICP interventions for LC. Recruitment of adults ≥18 years with LC was conducted in 6 National Health Service LC clinics in England with specialist ICPs. The intervention arms were (i) multi-organ magnetic reson

Society & CultureJuly 27, 2026

Anionic Passivation Enables Reconstruction-Free Seawater Electrolysis.

Nonoxide electrocatalysts hold great promise for high-efficiency seawater oxidation, yet their practical application is hindered by the inevitable surface reconstruction and pronounced corrosion under high anodic potentials. Herein, we solve this longstanding challenge by developing a rational anionic ligand passivation strategy that stabilizes phosphide lattices against oxidative degradation while preserving inherent electrocatalytic activity. Leveraging Lewis acid-base interactions, we grow an

Artificial IntelligenceJuly 27, 2026

Advancing cancer detection and treatment using longitudinal routine clinical data.

Cancer management remains fragmented across its continuum, from late-stage diagnosis and salvage therapies to non-personalized surveillance. Here, we present Oncoformer, a unified multimodal transformer model trained on the China Oncology Multimodal Prediction and Surveillance Study (COMPASS) cohort (3.67 million individuals, 17.7 million clinical visits) and validated on independent external cohorts, including the UK Biobank. Oncoformer integrates longitudinal electronic health records with che

Health & MedicineJuly 24, 2026

Prospective validation of imaging and serum diagnostic biomarkers of steatohepatitis and fibrosis in MASLD: the LITMUS Imaging Study.

There is a need for robust evaluations of noninvasive biomarkers for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. This prospective multicenter study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of imaging (including liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and FibroScan (vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE)), serum biomarkers (including NIS2+) and composite scores (including Agile 3+ and Agile 4) for centrally read steatohepatitis and fibrosis.

Physical/TechJuly 23, 2026

Balancing N 2 Activation in Two-Dimensional Electrides for Ammonia Synthesis.

Two-dimensional (2D) electrides, featuring interlayer-delocalized anionic electrons, hold promise for N 2 activation but face challenges in catalytic ammonia synthesis due to structural instability under reaction conditions. Here, we introduce a dual-site catalyst using the robust 2D metal carbide Y 2 C electride as a platform, where N 2 is activated at electron-rich interlayers and H 2 dissociates on supported Ni nanoparticles, enabling efficient and stable ammonia production. Through Raman spe

Artificial IntelligenceJuly 22, 2026

Mechanical Thrombectomy in Ischemic Stroke With a Medium or Distal Arterial Occlusion: The DISCOUNT Randomized Clinical Trial.

Evidence regarding efficacy and safety of thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to medium or distal vessel occlusions (MDVOs) is lacking. To evaluate the benefit of thrombectomy, in addition to medical treatment over medical treatment alone, in patients with an AIS related to a primary and isolated MDVO. Randomized clinical trial conducted at 22 stroke centers in France from November 2021 to April 2025, with planned enrollment of 488 patients. The trial has been stopped after the plann

Society & CultureJuly 21, 2026

Developmental divergence in voice-reward circuitry differentiates autistic from typically developing children and adolescents.

Adolescence is a period of profound social change marked by a developmental shift in attention and motivation from parents toward nonfamilial peers. Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by lifelong challenges in social communication. However, the neurobiological signatures of adolescent social reorientation in autism are poorly understood. Human voice processing is a primary driver of social learning and communication, but it remains understudied in the autism literature, parti

Health & MedicineJuly 21, 2026

3D nanoscale imaging of amyloid-β oligomer interactions with extracellular vesicles by cryo-ET.

Central to Alzheimer's disease pathology are prefibrillar oligomer assemblies of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. A widely discussed hypothesis proposes that amyloid-β oligomers insert into neuronal lipid membranes, disrupting their integrity and causing a loss of cellular homeostasis in Alzheimer's disease. This membrane disruption is believed to be a major source of Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Cryo electron tomography (cryo-ET) has facilitated 3D nanoscale imaging of Aβ-memb

Health & MedicineJuly 21, 2026

An iPSC-derived neural progenitor cell therapy for subacute spinal cord injury: a phase 1 trial with long-term follow-up.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes irreversible motor and sensory deficits, and no therapy currently restores the damaged neural circuitry. Previous work has shown that transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) restored motor function in preclinical models of subacute SCI; however, the safety of this approach in humans remains unknown. Here we report results from a first-in-human, open-label study of iPSC-NS/PC transplantation in four pati

Health & MedicineJuly 21, 2026

CSF clearance through arachnoid fenestrations to olfactory meningeal lymphatics.

Meningeal (dural) lymphatics are essential for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) clearance to cervical lymph nodes, yet the precise pathway is incompletely understood. Using a multifaceted approach in mice, we examined tracer dynamics and the CSF outflow pathway from the subarachnoid space (SAS) to the nasal mucosa and identified a discrete arachnoid region surrounding the olfactory bulbs with abundant fenestrations. Similar arachnoid fenestrations were found in cynomolgus monkeys. Fluorescent tracers i

Artificial IntelligenceJuly 20, 2026

Viral protease-initiated lytic cell death as a universal antiviral mRNA therapy.

While gasdermin (GSDM)-mediated pyroptosis is a potent immune effector, its antiviral potential remains largely untapped. Here, we introduce viral protease-initiated lytic cell death (VID), a universal mRNA therapeutic platform inspired by the modular architecture of GSDM and the clinical success of mRNA vaccines. By engineering gasdermin-D (GSDMD) to harbor viral protease-specific cleavage motifs, we generated VID activators (VIDAs) that selectively trigger lytic cell death in virus-infected ce

Health & MedicineJuly 17, 2026

Skin-innervating glutamatergic neurons modulate aging.

Peripheral nerves regulate skin homeostasis by secreting neurotransmitters, but their role during skin aging remains incompletely understood. Here, we report that cutaneous denervation accelerates skin aging, as evidenced by collagen reduction. Neurofilament heavy chain (Nefh) is decreased in aged skin and is predominantly expressed in vesicular glutamate transporter 2-positive (Vglut2 + ) skin-innervating glutamatergic neurons. Notably, dermal fibroblasts, the primary producers of collagen, fre

Health & MedicineJuly 16, 2026

Englumafusp alfa plus glofitamab in B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 1 trial.

There is an unmet need for effective, off-the-shelf therapies for relapsed or refractory aggressive B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Part 2 of the current study was an open-label, nonrandomized, phase 1 study of escalating doses of the CD19-4-1BBL co-stimulatory molecule, englumafusp alfa, in combination with glofitamab in patients with relapsed or refractory B-NHL. Obinutuzumab pretreatment was administered 7 days before the first glofitamab dose. Glofitamab step

Health & MedicineJuly 16, 2026

Whole-transcriptome-scale isoform-resolved spatial imaging of single cells in tissues.

Cell and tissue functions arise from complex interactions among numerous genes, and a systematic understanding of these functions requires isoform-resolved transcriptomic analysis of single cells with high spatial resolution. Here, we introduce an in situ RNA amplification method and its integration with multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization (MERFISH) to detect short RNA sequences and enable whole-transcriptome-scale, isoform-resolved spatial transcriptomics of individual c

Physical/TechJuly 15, 2026

Ultrabright Near-Infrared Lead-Free Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes with Negligible Efficiency Roll-Off.

Lead-free halide perovskite semiconductors show great promise for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), benefiting from tunable optoelectronic properties and solution processability. However, their practical applications in high-current-density LEDs are fundamentally constrained by severe efficiency roll-off, primarily caused by nonradiative recombination and carrier-induced structural instabilities. In this study, we introduce a molecular N , N '-diphenylthiourea (DPTA)-engineered tin perovskite semico

Health & MedicineJuly 15, 2026

Immunotherapy with a short-lived anti-PD-L1 antibody in Alzheimer's disease: a phase 1b, randomized, double-blind trial.

While Alzheimer's disease (AD) is initiated by amyloid plaque accumulation, its progression involves local neuroinflammation that the brain cannot resolve when age-related dysfunction of the systemic immune system limits peripheral immune support. Preclinical studies using rodent models showed that transient systemic blockade of programmed death-ligand 1 is associated with reduced neuroinflammation, neuroprotection and attenuation of disease progression. Based on the underlying mechanism, a new

Health & MedicineJuly 13, 2026

Multidomain lifestyle intervention for the prevention of cognitive decline in at-risk older adults in Latin America (LatAm-FINGERS): a single-blind, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

Latin America faces a high dementia burden, with increased prevalence of factors associated with cognitive decline. Multidomain lifestyle interventions might delay cognitive decline, but populations from Latin America remain under-represented in dementia prevention trials. We aimed to investigate the feasibility of a culturally adapted, multidomain, systematic lifestyle intervention and investigate its effects on global cognitive function in at-risk older adults (aged 60-77 years). The LatAm-FIN

Health & MedicineJuly 12, 2026

Clinicopathologic Evaluation of Amyloid Clearance in Alzheimer Disease.

The long-term efficacy of amyloid-targeting therapies hinges on their ability to slow downstream neuropathologic change, but little is known about the influence of amyloid clearance on tau pathology and neurodegeneration. To determine the postmortem and in vivo association between amyloid levels and downstream neuropathology after treatment with aducanumab in a patient with patchy areas showing minimal residual amyloid levels. This clinicopathologic case report from a single academic memory cent

Health & MedicineJuly 11, 2026

Children in all policies: lessons from a global collaboration to promote the health and wellbeing of children and future generations.

Currently children's needs, perspectives, and rights are not adequately included in public policies, with negative consequences for the health and wellbeing of children and future generations. The 2020 WHO-UNICEF-Lancet Commission reviewed threats to children's health and concluded that children's needs and voices should be centred in all policies for a sustainable future. Since 2021, Children in All Policies 2030, a global collaboration of policy makers, scientists, and advocates, has implement

Health & MedicineJuly 11, 2026

Bis-Tetrazine Fluorogenic (Silicon)-Rhodamine Dyes for Live-Cell Labeling.

Fluorogenic click dyes are valuable tools for biorthogonal labeling, enabling real-time visualization of biomolecules and cellular processes in their native environments. However, achieving efficient quenching and high fluorescence turn-on within a single dye scaffold remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a class of fluorogenic click dyes based on a structural modification of (silicon)-rhodamines at the amino groups of the xanthene scaffold, resulting in a particularly short linker

Artificial IntelligenceJuly 10, 2026

Health system learning enables generalist neuroimaging models.

Frontier artificial intelligence (AI) models have advanced rapidly through training on internet-scale public data, yet such systems lack access to private clinical data. Neuroimaging is underrepresented in the public domain due to identifiable facial features within magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans, restricting model performance in clinical medicine. Here we show that frontier models underperform on neuroimaging tasks and that learning directly from uncurated d

Health & MedicineJuly 9, 2026

Human embryonic stem cell-derived dopaminergic cells for Parkinson's disease: a phase 1/2 open-label trial.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons, resulting in disabling motor symptoms. Intracerebral transplantation of stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors to replace lost endogenous dopaminergic neurons offers a new potentially restorative therapeutic approach for PD. Here we report the 12-month primary safety end point and interim efficacy outcomes from a phase 1/2, open-label, multicenter trial evaluating STEM-PD, a cryopreserved, off-the-s

Health & MedicineMay 24, 2026

Eating More Beans and Soy Could Slash High Blood Pressure Risk by Nearly 30%

Eating more beans, lentils, chickpeas, tofu, and other soy foods could be a surprisingly powerful way to fight high blood pressure, according to a major meta-analysis of studies from around the world.